A2 · Elementary

Subject and Object Pronouns (A2)

Subject pronouns (I, he, she) do the action, while object pronouns (me, him, her) receive it. This lesson clarifies the difference so you can use both correctly in longer sentences.

Written and reviewed by Vugar Novruzov, Founder & Publisher · How we write our lessons

English pronouns come in two sets, and which one you use depends entirely on the job the word is doing in the sentence. Subject pronouns — I, you, he, she, it, we, they — do the action. Object pronouns — me, you, him, her, it, us, them — receive it. She called him and He called her use the same two people in opposite roles.

Many languages mark this distinction with case endings on the noun as well, or use the same word for both roles. English marks it only on pronouns, which makes those seven pairs the entire system. Learn them as pairs — I/me, he/him, she/her, we/us, they/them — and you have covered it, since you and it are identical in both roles.

The position in the sentence is your most reliable guide. Anything before the verb is a subject; anything after the verb or after a preposition is an object. This is why with me, for us and to them are correct, while with I and for we are not — a preposition always takes the object form.

How to form Subject and Object Pronouns

Seven pairs, of which two — you and it — have the same form in both roles.
SubjectObjectExample
ImeI saw her. She saw me.
youyouYou called him. He called you.
hehimHe knows us. We know him.
sheherShe helped them. They helped her.
ititIt works. I like it.
weusWe invited you. You invited us.
theythemThey met him. He met them.

Subject and Object Pronouns: the key rules

  1. Subject pronouns (I, he, she, we, they) do the action; object pronouns (me, him, her, us, them) receive it.

    She called me. I called her back.

  2. Object pronouns also follow prepositions: to, for, with, about.

    This present is for him. Come with us.

  3. You and it are identical in both roles.

    I saw you. You saw it.

  4. In short answers and comparisons, spoken English prefers the object form.

    Who's there? — It's me. She's taller than him.

When to use Subject and Object Pronouns

Position decides the form

You do not need to analyse grammar to choose correctly — you only need to notice where the pronoun sits relative to the verb.

Before the verb → subject

The pronoun is doing the action. Use I, he, she, we, they.

They invited us. She wrote to him.

After the verb or a preposition → object

The pronoun is receiving the action or following a preposition. Use me, him, her, us, them.

We invited them. He wrote to her.

Subject and Object Pronouns in example sentences

Subject and Object Pronouns in a real conversation

Check each pronoun against its position — before the verb, or after a verb or preposition.

Zoe:Did Marek call you about the tickets?

Adam:He called me this morning. I told him we'd take four.

Zoe:Are Ana and Luis coming with us?

Adam:I invited them, but they haven't answered.

Zoe:Ask them again. She and I can pick everyone up.

Adam:Perfect. I'll send you the address tonight.

Common mistakes (and how to fix them)

Check yourself: 10 Subject and Object Pronouns questions

Answer these and see the reason for each one. They are 10 of the 60 exercises in the full Subject and Object Pronouns practice set.

  1. ___ works in a bank in the city centre.

    • He
    • Himself
    • Him
    • His
    Show answer

    He — The pronoun comes before the verb, so it is the subject form.

  2. Who's at the door? — It's ___.

    • my
    • me
    • mine
    • I
    Show answer

    me — After it's, English uses the object form: it's me, it's him, it's us.

  3. Which sentence is correct?

    • Him and I went out.
    • He and me went out.
    • He and I went out.
    • Him and me went out.
    Show answer

    He and I went out. — Both pronouns are subjects of went, so both take the subject form.

  4. ___ is raining again, so take an umbrella.

    • There
    • This
    • He
    • It
    Show answer

    It — English uses the empty subject it for weather.

  5. Which sentence uses the object form correctly?

    • Give it to her.
    • Give it to she.
    • Give it to hers.
    • Give it to she's.
    Show answer

    Give it to her. — To is a preposition, so it is followed by the object pronoun her.

  6. The parcel is for ___ , not for you.

    • theirs
    • them
    • they
    • their
    Show answer

    them — For is a preposition and takes the object form them.

  7. ___ lives in the flat above mine.

    Show answer

    She — A pronoun before the verb is the subject form.

  8. I gave ___ my number, but he never rang.

    Show answer

    him — Him is the indirect object of gave.

  9. My brother helped ___ with the move.

    Show answer

    us — After helped, the object form is required.

  10. The letter was addressed to my wife and ___.

    Show answer

    me — To is a preposition, so the object form follows even in a pair.

Practise Subject and Object Pronouns today

The compound subjects and objects are where errors cluster, so practise those deliberately.

  1. Write six sentences and then rewrite each one reversing who does what.
  2. Complete these: Come with ___ . — ___ and I are late. — She told ___ the news.
  3. Choose correctly: Between you and I/me. — Him/He and I went out.
  4. Write four sentences with a preposition plus an object pronoun.

Subject and Object Pronouns: frequently asked questions

Why is between you and me correct rather than between you and I?

Because between is a preposition, and prepositions always take the object form. People say between you and I because they were corrected as children for saying me and Tom went and over-generalised the correction, assuming I is always more polite. It is not more polite; it is simply the subject form. Test it by removing the other person: between me is obviously right, and between I is obviously wrong.

Should I say it is me or it is I?

Say it is me. Traditional grammar prescribed it is I on the grounds that be links two subjects, but that rule was imported from Latin and has never matched natural English usage. It is me is standard in every register today, and It is I sounds theatrical or archaic. The same applies to answers like Who is there? — Me.

How do I choose when there are two people?

Remove the other person and see which form sounds right. For Tom and ___ went out, try ___ went out — you get I, so it is Tom and I went out. For She invited Tom and ___, try She invited ___ — you get me, so it is She invited Tom and me. This test resolves virtually every case, and it works because the other person does not change the pronoun's role.

Why do you and it not change?

They lost their separate object forms during the history of English. You once had a subject form ye and an object form you, but ye disappeared and you took over both roles. It never developed a distinct object form at all. So of the seven pairs, only five actually require you to make a choice — which makes the system smaller than it first appears.